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Explanation |
4:44 Jesus had been rejected in Judea, his own country (as Jerusalem was the home of every Jew, especially for the Messiah), so He now turned to another region, Galilee.
4:46 “Royal official” means an official attached to Herod’s court.
4:47 “Begged” is in continuous tense, indicating a persistent request.
“Come” is actually “come down” in Greek. It shows again a mark of accuracy as Cana was on high ground and Capernaum was by the lake.
4:48 The word “wonders” means something beyond explanation, at which people can only marvel.
“Never” renders an emphatic double negative.
Jesus if affirming that people such as this man who had come to Him were looking for the spectacular. It is clear from this Gospel that Jesus accepted people who came only because of the miracles but deep trustful attachment is more essential.
4:49 The word for “child” here is not the same as the one in v.46 and v.47. It is a term expressive of affection, like “may little lad.”
4:50 Jesus’ words represent a hard test. The officer has nothing but Jesus’ bare words. But this is enough and he successfully met the implied demand for faith and left.
4:52 “The seventh hour” means seven hours after sunrise or about 1 p.m.
4:53 Because of the healing, the official and all his household believed. The “sign” transformed his faith (in miracles) into a greater faith (in Jesus).
4:54 This cannot mean the second of Jesus’ signs. The real meaning is: “Thus once again Jesus wrought a miracle after leaving Judea for Galilee.”
5:1 The feast is not specified. Some believe this is a Passover, the second of four Passovers.
5:2 The present tense “is” points to the writing of the Gospel to a time before the destruction of Jerusalem. However, some (those who accept that the Gospel was written after the destruction of Jerusalem in AD70) believe that the present tense is used to impose “historic” force to past events.
The place is described only with the adjective “sheep” which requires adding “gate”, “market” (KJV) or “pool” to give it meaning.
The pool had five porches can be identified as the present-day St. Anne Pool, a double pool now several feet below ground level.
5:3 Many sick people were gathered there. The original text of Gospel did not contain the explanation on why they came but a very ancient explanation somehow crept into the text (vv.3b-4). However, it is probably a good explanation for v.7.
The disturbance of the water might have been caused by the intermittent bubbling up of a natural spring.
5:5 It was probably some kind of paralysis or lameness.
5:9 The cure was instantaneous and complete.
5:10 Scribal regulations forbid works of healing on the Sabbath Day. It was also not lawful to lift up his mat, let alone carry it. (In the Mishnah, there are 39 classes of work forbidden on a Sabbath.) It probably came from passages like Neh 13:15 but the original intent was to stop the tendency to secularize the Sabbath. Today, we should remember that Sunday is not just another day of business; it is the Lord’s Day.
5:12 The term “this fellow” implies a contemptuous contrast with the law of God.
5:14 The healed man was in the Temple probably offering thanks to God (cf. Mk 1:44; Lk 17:14).
“You are well again” uses the perfect tense, indicating that the cure was permanent.
“Stop sinning” implies that the man had sinned and continued in sin. Jesus seemed to imply that the man’s sin had brought about his sickness.
The “worst fate” may mean a worst physical fate but more likely Jesus was referring to the eternal consequence of sin.
5:16 “Was doing these things” is in continuous tense; John may imply that there were other Sabbath incidents that he had not recorded.
5:17 In the Synoptics, Jesus defended his action by saying that the Son of man is lord over even the divinely instituted Sabbath (Mk 2:28). Here His defence rests on His intimate relationship to the Father.
The Jews referred to God as “our Father” or “my Father in heaven” to remove the suggestion of familiarity, but never just “my Father”.
5:18 The Jews understood that Jesus was “making himself equal with God” (cf. 10:33). Thus the Jews held that Jesus was guilty of blasphemy as well as of Sabbath breaking.